The first correspondence between Brazil and Europe was the famous Pero Vaz de Caminha’s letter, who was official secretary in the Pedro Alvares Cabral’s fleet that arrived in Brazilian coast on 22 April 1500. Among 1520 and 1532, Luiz Homem was nominated by Dom João III to directed the first Brazilian Central post office. Later on Dom Manuel I, Dom JoãoIII’s successor, ratified this position.
The first Brazilian Central post office positions was nominated by the king, until Dom Felipe III, the king of Portugal (he also was Dom FelipeII, the king of Spain) sold the postal service to Gomes da Mata’s family. This position stayed with Gomes da Mata’s family for almost 200 years. At that time the envelopes didn’t have anything that could prove some income postal payment.
The European’s monarchy worried about institution’s situation after the French Revolution. D. Maria I acquired the post office services by a warrant on 20 January 1798 and settled down an income postal payment. In this manner the philatelic postal payment was created and the word philatelic means "income postal payment friend".
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The first philatelic piece known
with stamps album.
Legend figure 3: The first Lusitanian Portuguese piece.
Because of the Napolionic Invasion when D. João VI came to Brazil he brought many machines especially to make stamps. On 1 August 1843 the first stamps were sent to Europe. Before this only England, Ireland and Zurich emitted postal albums.
The Bull’s Eye (a kind of stamps which has a neo-classic window’s shape) allowing that a letter traveled by all means of transportation at that time. The Brazilian stamps didn’t have any especial imperial mark or any Brazilian word because it’s used only in national territory.
In that time the communication among people was too difficulty and because of that only who lived on Rio de Janeiro’s court knew the postal service. The postman pulled up the bull’s eye stamps in order to receive money from addressees to improve their returns.
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When the post service noted it they changed the size and shape’s stamps, using a kind of thinner paper in order to avoid any kind of falsification, then the inclined stamps were created. In 1850, the black vertical ones substituted these.
In 1860, Brazil assigned a Postal Convention with France in order to send letter to this country, Brazilian’s authorities emitted an yellow stamp to the letter were sent by others European’s countries through the France and a red stamp to the letters sent straight to France.
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In this two stamps there are an interesting mistake: the word BRAZIL is missing because it wasn’t necessary as the letters were only exchanged in the Brazilian territory. While these stamps were corrected Brazilian people sent their letters to Europe using vertical stamps but it didn’t take a long time.
Vertical stamps from 1850 and the colorful ones from 1854/61 were especially jogged in 1866.
The first Brazilian stamps jogged.
Also in 1866, Brazil made a postal
reformulation unifying the postal incomes by the earth and by the sea increases
their cost.
Thereby, Brazil imitated England using circular rubber stamp with date.
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Before, in the Eye’s Bull Vertical, Inclined and Colorful, rubber stamps were circular with date. This kind of alteration created many different types of rubber stamps such as flies, skulls, flowers, and skaters, among others. In that time French rubber stamps were placed over Brazilian’s stamps reaching the postal stamps.
For a stamp collector this occurrence was a great success because these postal marks these collections became more classic and thematic.
Dom Pedro II was convinced to lend his image for a postal stamp. He didn’t want blacken his image and because of that a picture was taken when was 41 years old.
A proof of American Bank Co with a circular green rubber stamp was sent to Emperor and then he decided to borrow his image for the stamps.
The Brazilian Emperor stamps were printed in the United States of America but they were jogged in the Brazilian Mint House and because of that many stamps were lost.
These stamps were used in national and international letters and envelopes. There are fewer combinations of that kind of stamp (vertical and colorful).
Ten years later, in 1876, after the emission of D. Pedro II stamps, a new emission was made differing only in the separation among stamps.
The Percê emission or line emission showed us D. Pedro II with 41, when he really had 51 years old looked older than he truly was. Newspaper in that time lampooned the emperor because he wanted looks younger than he was. But the problem in the dentition stamps because it was made in the wrong way.
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The envelope combined with
D. Pedro’s Vertical stamps.
An year later Percê series the White Beard series was created in order to commemorate the Berna’s Treaty. In this emission the emperor looks really old.
The federal revenue stamps were also printed at the American Bank Note CO.; they were surcharged at the Brazilian Mint House.
Many frauds forced the Brazilians authorities, in that time, printed the postal stamps in the Brazilian Mint House. In the revenue stamps their prices were already printed and then we had the last series printed in the Monarchy.
Brazil emitted during the Monarchy (from 1843 to1890):
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Known marks:
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All these postal pieces were joined in a book with more 400 pages, 280 of them are colorful. This book is called "Catálogo Enciclopédico de Selos e História Postal do Brasil" __ especial numerated edition.
On 15 November 1890 Brazilian
Republic was proclaimed and D. PedroII was forced to leave the country
and then he saw his image blackened in the postal stamps. His wife Thereza
Cristina died without consolation in Portugal. Dom Pedro II died in 1891
and in order to reverence him philatelists joined pieces and stamps with his
image.
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